China Trade Slumps in December

China’s import growth fell to a two-year low in December, underscoring a slowdown in the fastest-growing major economy that deepens risks for the global outlook.

Imports (CNFRIMPY) rose 11.8 percent from a year before, less than all 21 estimates in a Bloomberg News survey of economists, a government report showed on 10 January in Beijing. The moderation caused the trade surplus to increase to $16.5 billion in the month, as exports advanced 13.4 percent in December.

Signs of domestic demand moderation bolstered forecasts for monetary easing -- spurring a gain in local stocks -- as Europe veers toward a recession and the International Monetary Fund prepares a “substantial” cut to its global growth forecast. The widening surplus may give U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy F. Geithner ammunition to renew pressure for a stronger yuan on a visit to Beijing on 10 January.

Slower import growth in China is bad news for Australia, which counts on the nation as its biggest export destination and last week reported that its trade surplus unexpectedly narrowed as shipments of resources slowed. The Philippines said its exports slid 19.4 percent in November from a year earlier.

The euro region’s danger of a recession may be reinforced by a report showing industrial production in France fell 0.2 percent in November from a month earlier.

U.S. Improvement

By contrast, U.S. data have signaled improvement. Job growth picked up in December and consumer credit jumped by $20.4 billion in November, reports in recent days showed.

Weakening import growth may undermine China’s ability to lead the recovery as it did after the 2008 crisis. The nation’s expansion may slide to 7.7 percent this quarter, the slowest pace in three years, according to a UBS AG forecast.

Adidas Shifts from China as Labour Costs Rise

Sportswear producers including Adidas AG are moving some production to Central America to be closer to the U.S. market and as labor costs in China rise. Adidas, the world’s second-biggest sporting goods maker, plans to increase its production in the region fivefold by 2015, the company said last month.

The government’s fine-tuning policies may intensify in response to the data, said Tim Condon, chief Asia economist at ING Financial Markets in Singapore.

China’s central bank lowered the required reserve ratio for banks for the first time in almost three years in December to encourage lending, shifting its stance from fighting inflation as price pressures eased.

Meantime, policy makers may also curb gains in the yuan even with pressure from abroad for it to strengthen.