Dollar Rises as Global Slump Spurs Safety Demand

The dollar advanced against most of its 16 major counterparts on signs Europe’s debt crisis is weighing on economies across the globe, boosting demand for the relative safety of the U.S. currency.

The greenback maintained four days of gains against the euro before reports forecast to show gross domestic product grew at a slower pace in Germany and contracted in France. Data today showed Japan’s economy expanded less than analysts estimated as exports and consumer spending weakened. Demand for the Australian and New Zealand dollars was tempered as Asian stocks failed to extend a weekly advance that was the biggest since January.

The dollar traded at $1.2290 per euro from $1.2289 last week, when it climbed 0.8 percent. It was little changed at 78.31 yen. The euro was at 96.26 yen from 96.17 last week, when it fell 1.1 percent.

Japan’s Growth

The pace of economic growth in Japan cooled to an annualized 1.4 percent in the second quarter from a revised 5.5 percent in the first three months of the year, the Cabinet Office said in Tokyo on 13 August.

The dollar has risen 7 percent in the past year, the second-best performance among the 10 currencies tracked by the gauge. The yen rose 2.9 percent and the euro lost 8.8 percent.

The U.S. currency tends to strengthen during periods of financial stress because it is the world’s reserve currency.

The euro failed to rally after its biggest weekly loss in more than a month as European leaders struggle to find a resolution to fiscal turmoil in the region. The shared currency declined 0.8 percent in the week ended Aug. 10, the most since July 6.

Investor Confidence

Bond purchases by the European Central Bank won’t solve the difficulties of Spain and Italy in maintaining investor confidence, ECB Governing Council member Luc Coene said in an interview with Belgian newspapers De Tijd and L’Echo published Aug. 11.

Spain’s 10-year yield climbed to a euro-era record of 7.75 percent on July 25, while the rate on similar-maturity Italian bonds rose to a six-month high on the same day. Italy is scheduled to sell 8 billion euros of bills on 13 August.

Demand for the dollar was tempered before reports this week that may show improving retail sales and industrial production in the U.S. economy, the world’s largest.

Sales increased by 0.3 percent last month after a 0.5 percent decline in June. Output at U.S. factories, mines and utilities may have risen 0.5 percent in July after a 0.4 percent gain the prior period, economists predict a Federal Reserve report will show on Aug. 15.

Australia, New Zealand

The Australian and New Zealand dollars slid versus their major peers as signs the global economic recovery is struggling curbed appetite for higher-yielding assets. The so-called Aussie lost 0.3 percent to $1.0551, while its Trans-Tasman counterpart declined 0.3 percent to 81.09 U.S. cents.

The implied volatility of three-month options on Group of Seven currencies declined, according to a JPMorgan Chase & Co. measure. The gauge dropped to 8.44, a level unseen since July 20, when it touched the lowest level since November 2007. Lower volatility makes investments in currencies with higher benchmark lending rates more attractive because the risk in such trades is that market moves will erase profits.