The
global economy has a 50 percent chance of slipping
into recession as Europe
and the U.S. struggle to grow, according to Nobel laureate Michael Spence.
Spence’s
remarks follow cuts in global growth forecasts by institutions from Citigroup
Inc. to UBS AG as central bankers from around the world gather for a Federal
Reserve symposium this weekend in Jackson Hole, Wyoming. Unlike the
aftermath of the 2008 global financial crisis when China cushioned the blow
with a stimulus program, this time it would only be able to buffer its domestic
economy, he said.
China
“cannot make up for the kind of loss of demand that would go with a downturn in
the advanced economies,” Spence said. Because Chinese inflation is running at
an official rate of 6.5 percent, a figure many
economists say is understated, Beijing would be “pretty close to nuts” to fuel
further credit growth, he said.
Spence,
a professor at New York University’s Stern School of Business who won the Nobel Prize in economics
in 2001, said Fed Chairman Ben S. Bernanke, who will
speak at Jackson Hole today, has limited room to maneuver.
“The
Fed is in a very awkward spot, where they have limited additional capacity to
do much more than prevent a frail economy and a frail financial system from
failing,” he said. “But the expectations of them are so high, and it’s really
the government and the fiscal situation and other things which they don’t
control that are kind of the main agenda items.”
Spence
said that the Fed could seek to encourage lending in order to help bolster the
real-estate market.
“They
could focus more attention -- in their capacity as overseer of parts of the
banking system -- on the housing sector, whose weakness is a big sea anchor
that’s holding the economy back.”
Encouraging
banks to lend more freely to home buyers or to provide relief to those whose
homes are in foreclosure would help unlock consumer spending, he
said.
“I
just think we’ve been dithering on that front and it’s an important enough
component of the problem that maybe the Fed could take a leadership role in
focusing attention on it,” the Nobel laureate said.