WTO Appellate Body Holds US Origin Label Illegal

The US country-of-origin labelling (COOL) requirements for livestock and meat imports are inconsistent with international trade rules, the WTO’s highest court said on 29 June 2012 (DS384, 386). The highly-anticipated ruling, which stemmed from a dispute launched by Canada and Mexico in 2008, found that the US measure put foreign products at a disadvantage by making the processing of imported livestock prohibitively costly. The judges, however, disagreed that the measure was also more trade restrictive than necessary to achieve the legitimate objective of consumer information.

Beef and pork producers in both countries similarly welcomed the ruling, noting that it would likely ease the economic situation of the North American meat market. “COOL has affected billions of dollars of commerce in cattle and beef products since it was implemented in 2008,” the Canadian Cattleman’s Association (CCA) said. “At a cost of [C]$25 to [C]$40 per head, the current impact of COOL to Canadian producers is approximately [C]$150 million per year.” [C$1 = US$1.01]