RBI Merges Categories to Improve FPI in GSec

Ř  No Tax on Capital Gains and Interest in GSec for FPI

Key Highlights

·         The Reserve Bank of India has amended the regulatory framework governing investments by Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs) in Government Securities through the General Route.

·         To improve ease of investment, RBI has withdrawn three key restrictions on FPI investments in Government Securities under the General Route:

o    Short-term investment limit

o    Security-wise limit

o    Concentration limit

·         RBI has merged the existing 'general' and 'long-term' investment categories into a single investment limit for:

o    Central Government Securities (G-Secs)

o    State Government Securities (SGSs)

Revised FPI Investment Limits for FY 2026-27

Period

Central Government Securities (₹ Crore)

State Government Securities (₹ Crore)

Apr–Sep 2026

4,62,490

1,53,043

Oct 2026–Mar 2027

4,77,006

1,64,242

Expansion of Fully Accessible Route (FAR)

RBI has designated additional securities as 'specified securities' under the Fully Accessible Route (FAR):

New Government Security Issuances

·         All new 15-year, 30-year and 40-year Government Securities.

New Sovereign Green Bond Issuances

·         All new issuances in:

o    5-year

o    7-year

o    10-year

o    15-year

o    30-year

o    40-year tenors.

Existing Securities Added to FAR

ISIN

Security

IN0020250042

6.68% GS 2040

IN0020250075

7.24% GS 2055

IN0020260033

7.71% GS 2066

Regulatory Changes

The following provisions have been removed from the RBI Master Direction:

·         Definition of "Long-Term FPIs"

·         Definition of "Short-Term Investments"

·         Short-term investment limit of 30%

·         Security-wise investment cap of 30% in a Government Security

·         Concentration limits of 10%/15% applicable to FPIs and related FPIs

Monitoring Framework

·         The Clearing Corporation of India Ltd. (CCIL) will continue monitoring overall FPI utilisation of investment limits in Central and State Government Securities.

·         Monitoring of the abolished security-wise investment limit has been discontinued.

Effective Date

·         The revised framework came into effect immediately from 5 June 2026.

Trade Impact

·         The reforms simplify investment procedures for foreign investors.

·         Greater flexibility is expected to improve foreign participation in India's government bond market.

·         Expanded FAR eligibility increases unrestricted access for overseas investors to long-tenor government securities and sovereign green bonds.

 

[A.P. (DIR Series) Circular No. 11 dated June 05, 2026]

Investments by Foreign Portfolio Investors in Government Securities Amendments to the regulatory framework

Attention of Authorised Dealer Category-I (AD Category-I) banks is invited to the Foreign Exchange Management (Debt Instruments) Regulations, 2019 notified vide Notification No. FEMA. 396/2019-RB dated October 17, 2019, as amended from time to time; the Master Direction - Reserve Bank of India (Non-resident Investment in Debt  Instruments) Directions, 2025 dated January 07, 2025 [hereinafter, ‘Master Direction’]; and A.P. (DIR Series) Circular No. 05 dated April 06, 2026.

2.       At present, investments by Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs) in Government Securities through the General Route are subject to (i) short-term investment limit, (ii) security-wise limit, and (iii) concentration limit. On a review, and with a view to providing greater ease of investment to FPIs, it has been decided to withdraw the requirement for FPIs to comply with the above three limits, for their investments in Government securities under the General Route.

3.      It has also been decided to merge the sub-categories of investment limits, viz., 'general' and 'long-term' into a single limit for investment in Central Government Securities and State Government Securities (SGSs), respectively. The limits notified for investment in Central Government securities and SGSs for the financial year 2026-27 vide A.P. (DIR Series) Circular No. 05 dated April 6, 2026, shall accordingly be modified as under:

Investment limits for FY 2026-27

all figures in Crore

 

Central Government Securities

State Government Securities

Limit for the HY Apr 2026 Sep 2026

4,62,490

1,53,043

Limit for the HY Oct 2026 Mar 2027

4,77,006

1,64,242

4.     In addition, it has been decided to additionally designate the following instruments as ‘specified securities’ under the Fully Accessible Route (FAR):

a)    Government Securities: All new issuances in 15-year, 30-year, and 40-year tenors.

b)    Sovereign Green Bonds: All new issuances in 5-year, 7-year, 10-year, 15- year, 30-year, and 40-year tenors.

c)    Existing Securities: Those listed in the table below.

Table: Additional ‘specified securities’ under the FAR

Sr. No.

ISIN

Security

1

IN0020250042

6.68% GS 2040

2

IN0020250075

7.24% GS 2055

3

IN0020260033

7.71% GS 2066

5.      The directions in this circular come into effect immediately. The updated Master  Direction is enclosed herewith (the changes are tabulated in the Annex).

6.     AD Category-I banks may bring the contents of these directions to the notice of their constituents.

7.     The directions contained in this Circular have been issued under sections 10(4) and 11(1) of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (42 of 1999) without prejudice to permissions/approval, if any, required under any other law.

Annex

Sr. No

Existing Directions

Revised/Additional Directions

Sub-clause (g) of clause (i) of paragraph 2 shall be omitted.

(i)

“Long-Term FPIs” shall mean Sovereign Wealth Funds, Multilateral Agencies, Pension / Insurance / Endowment Funds and foreign Central Banks.

-

Sub-clause (s) of clause (i) of paragraph 2 shall be omitted.

(ii)

“Short-term Investments” shall mean investments with residual maturity up to one year.

-

Clause (i) of paragraph 4.3 shall be omitted.

(iii)

Minimum residual maturity requirement: An FPI may invest in Central Government Securities (including Treasury Bills) and State Government Securities without any minimum residual maturity requirement.

-

Clause (ii) of paragraph 4.3 shall be omitted.

(iv)

Short-term investment limit: Investments by an FPI in Central Government Securities (including Treasury Bills) and State Government Securities with residual maturity upto one year shall not exceed 30 per cent of the total investment of the FPI in each category. The short-term investment limit shall apply on investments on an end-of-day basis.

Provided that the limit shall not apply:

(a) If the short-term investments of an FPI consist entirely of investments made on or before April 27, 2018; and

-

 

(b) To investments by an FPI made between July 08, 2022 and October 31, 2022 (both dates included).

 

Clause (iii) of paragraph 4.3 shall be omitted.

(v)

Security-wise limit: Investments by FPIs and investments made through the Special Rupee Vostro Account Route, in aggregate, in any Central Government Security shall not exceed 30 per cent of the outstanding stock of the Security.

-

Clause (iv) of paragraph 4.3 shall be omitted.

(vi)

Concentration limit: Investment in Central Government Securities and State Government Securities by an FPI (including its related FPIs) shall not exceed 15 per cent of prevailing investment limit for each category in case of long-term FPIs and 10 per cent of prevailing investment limit for other FPIs.

-

The phrase as well as the security-wise limit for investment in Central Government securities shall be omitted from clause (vi) of paragraph 4.3.

(vii)

The Clearing Corporation of India Ltd. (CCIL) shall monitor the utilisation of the investment limits for FPI investment in Central Government Securities and State Government Securities as well as the security-wise limit for investment in Central Government Securities.

The Clearing Corporation of India Ltd. (CCIL) shall monitor the utilisation of the investment limits for FPI investment in Central Government Securities and State Government Securities.

Clause (i) of paragraph 6.2 shall be substituted.

(viii)

All securities included under the FAR on the date of issuance of these Directions (as set out in Annex3); all new issuances of 5-year, 7-year and 10-year tenors by the Central Government; and any other security that the Reserve Bank may notify in this regard.

All securities included under the FAR as set out in Annex 3; all new issuances of 5-year, 7-year, 10-year, 15-year, 30-year and 40-year tenors by the Central Government (including new issuances of Sovereign Green Bonds in these tenors); and any other security that the Reserve Bank may notify in this regard.

The proviso to clause (i) of paragraph 7A.4 shall be omitted.

(ix)

7A.4. Investments in Central Government Securities (including Treasury Bills) other than the ‘specified securities’ included under the FAR shall be in terms of the following:

i.   The investments shall be subject to the investment limit and stipulations specified for FPI investments under the General Route as set out in paragraph 4.2 and 4.3 of these Directions respectively.

Provided that the short-term investment limit, as set out in paragraph 4.3 (ii) of these Directions, shall not apply to investments made under the SRVA route.

7A.4. Investments in Central Government Securities (including Treasury Bills) other than the ‘specified securities’ included under the FAR shall be in terms of the following:

i.   The investments shall be subject to the investment limit and stipulations specified for FPI investments under the General Route as set out in paragraph 4.2 and 4.3 of these Directions respectively.