In Fraud Cases, DGFT will Form Its Own Views on Licence Cancellation, Customs cannot Finally Decide DGFT Action on Importability

Ø  CBIC Clarification on Section 28AAA SCNs and DGFT Scrip Cancellation

Ø  Section 28AAA – Discovery of Duties in Certain Cases

Issued by: CBIC, Drawback Division, Ministry of Finance
Subject: Adjudication of Show Cause Notices (SCNs) under Section 28AAA of the Customs Act, 1962 where DGFT cancellation of the instrument/scrip is involved.

1.    Section 28AAA framework

o    Section 28AAA provides for recovery of duty from the person to whom an instrument/scrip was originally issued where it was obtained fraudulently through collusion, wilful misstatement or suppression of facts.

2.    Earlier TRU instruction

o    TRU D.O. letter dated 01.06.2012 advised field formations to issue demands once DGFT/Regional Authority initiated action for cancellation.

o    However, the matter was to be decided only after DGFT had cancelled the instrument/scrip.

3.    Cases involving misdeclaration in Shipping Bill

o    Where Customs/DRI alleges fraudulent procurement because of misclassification, overvaluation or other incorrect declarations in the Shipping Bill, Customs must first investigate and adjudicate the matter.

o    Where warranted, Customs must make the consequential amendment to the Shipping Bill/classification.

4.    DGFT cancellation cannot be based merely on allegations

o    DGFT has taken the position that scrips should not be cancelled solely on allegations, suspicions or requests from DRI/Customs.

o    Cancellation can follow only after a final determination and consequential amendment by Customs, where applicable.

o    The Board has agreed with this position.

5.    Policy/eligibility issues fall to DGFT

o    Where the allegation concerns policy interpretation, eligibility, entitlement or other matters within DGFT's domain, the matter should first be referred to DGFT.

o    DGFT is the competent authority for issuance, administration and interpretation of the relevant instrument/scrip.

o    Customs/DRI proceedings should follow DGFT's determination on such policy-related issues.

6.    Where DGFT cannot cancel the scrip

o    If cancellation is technically or legally impossible, including because of a court order/judgment, SCNs under Section 28AAA should not remain pending merely for want of cancellation.

o    Adjudicating authorities shall proceed with adjudication on merits and in accordance with law.

7.    General rule for other cases

o    In other cases where fraudulent procurement is alleged and DGFT has initiated cancellation proceedings, adjudication should take place only after DGFT cancels the instrument/scrip.

Effect of the Instruction

·         Misdeclaration in Shipping Bill: Customs first investigates/adjudicates → amends Shipping Bill where warranted → DGFT considers cancellation.

·         Policy/eligibility/entitlement issue: DGFT's determination governs.

·         Cancellation legally/technically impossible: Customs can adjudicate the Section 28AAA SCN without waiting for cancellation.

·         Other fraud cases with DGFT cancellation action pending: Adjudication waits until DGFT cancellation.

[CBIC Instruction No. 17/2026-Cus. Dated 21 September 2026]

Subject: Clarification in respect of difficulties being faced by field formations in adjudication of cases where Show Cause Notices have been issued under Section 28AAA of the Customs Act, 1962 in light of TRU instruction vide D.O. letter dated 01.06.2012 at para II.2.

Attention is invited to Section 28AAA of the Customs Act, 1962, which provides for recovery of duty from the person to whom the instrument/scrip was originally issued, where such instrument had been obtained fraudulently by way of collusion, wilful misstatement or suppression of facts, and para II.2 of TRU D.O. letter dated 01.06.2012, which inter alia states that "...Field formations are advised to issue demands as soon as DGFT/concerned regional Authority initiates action for cancellation of an instrument but the matter may be decided only after the instrument has been cancelled by the DGFT."

2. References have been received from field formations regarding difficulties being faced in the adjudication of Show Cause Notices issued under Section 28AAA of the Customs Act, 1962, for want of cancellation of the instrument/scrip by DGFT, as advised vide TRU D.O. letter dated 01.06.2012.

3. The matter has been examined in the Board, and it is seen that -

(a)  There are instances where field formations/DRI allege that instruments/scrips have been obtained fraudulently on the grounds of misdeclaration in the Shipping Bill, including misclassification, overvaluation, or other incorrect declarations. In such cases, DGFT has taken a view that where Customs/DRI suspects or alleges misclassification, the appropriate course is for Customs to undertake an investigation and complete adjudication under the relevant provisions of the Customs Act, 1962, and where warranted, conclusively amend the shipping bill/classification. It is only after such final determination and amendment by Customs that RAs of DGFT can examine consequential action, including cancellation of scrips, in accordance with the Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act, 1992, the Foreign Trade Policy, and associated Rules. DGFT has stated that scrips should not be cancelled solely on the basis of allegations, suspicions or requests from DRI/Customs without a final determination and an amendment to the shipping bill by the customs. The Board agrees with the aforesaid position of DGFT. Accordingly, field formations are instructed that, in such cases, they shall first investigate and adjudicate the alleged misdeclaration under the applicable provisions of the Customs Act, 1962, and wherever warranted, make the consequential amendment to the Shipping Bill. Thereafter, the matter shall be referred to the concerned authority in DGFT for taking further necessary action, including cancellation of the instrument/scrip, at their end.

(b)  There are also instances where field formations/DRI allege that instruments/scrips have been obtained fraudulently on grounds relating to policy interpretation, eligibility, entitlement, or other matters falling within the domain of DGFT. In such cases, the matter should first be referred to DGFT, being the competent authority for the issuance, administration and interpretation of the relevant instrument/scrip. In such cases, the view of DGFT shall prevail with regard to the validity of, and entitlement under, the instrument/scrip issued by it, and the proceedings by Customs/DRI should be decided in accordance with the determination/view conveyed by DGFT in respect of such policy- related issues.

(c)  Further, there are instances where DGFT is unable to cancel the instrument/scrip on technical or legal grounds, including where such cancellation is precluded by an order or judgment of an Hon’ble Court, as in the case of M/s Supreme Castings Ltd. v. Joint DGFT, Ludhiana, wherein the Court observed that “there being no provision in Section 9(4) to cancel the license with retrospective effect, on the ratio of the aforesaid case, it has to be held that the DEPB could not have been cancelled ab initio from the date of issue”. In such cases, there appears to be no reason for keeping such SCNs issued under Section 28AAA of the Customs Act, 1962 pending for adjudication for want of cancellation of the instrument/scrip. Accordingly, the adjudicating authorities shall proceed with the adjudication of such cases and decide the same on merits, in accordance with law.

4. In all other cases, where it is alleged that the instrument issued by DGFT has been obtained fraudulently and where DGFT has initiated action for cancellation of instrument/scrip, the adjudication should take place only after the instrument has been cancelled by the DGFT.

Difficulties, if any, in the implementation of the above instructions may be brought to the notice of the Board.

F. No. CBIC-140605/13/2024-DBK