Both Imports and Exports of Steel Rise as Sector Shows Robust Results

1. Crude Steel Production Continues to Rise

·         Crude steel production reached 14.21 million tonnes (MT) in May 2026.

·         Production increased 2.9% year-on-year (YoY).

2. Growth in Hot Metal and Pig Iron Output

·         Hot metal production grew 2.0% YoY.

·         Pig iron production stood at 0.77 MT, up 1.1% YoY.

3. Finished Steel Production Surges

·         Finished steel production reached 13.94 MT in May 2026.

·         Output registered a strong 7.7% YoY growth.

4. Domestic Steel Demand Remains Robust

·         Finished steel consumption rose to 14.33 MT.

·         Consumption increased 9.0% YoY, supported by:

o    Construction activity.

o    Infrastructure projects.

o    Manufacturing sector demand.

5. Strong Performance During April–May 2026

·         Crude steel production: 28.04 MT (+2.7% CPLY).

·         Finished steel production: 27.36 MT (+6.4% CPLY).

·         Finished steel consumption: 27.36 MT (+8.7% CPLY).

6. Imports Rise Sharply

·         Steel imports in May 2026 stood at 0.69 MT.

·         Imports surged 62.5% YoY compared with May 2025.

7. Exports Also Increase

·         Steel exports reached 0.51 MT in May 2026.

·         Exports grew 29.9% YoY.

8. India Remains Net Steel Importer

·         During April–May 2026:

o    Imports: 1.37 MT

o    Exports: 0.98 MT

·         India remained a net importer despite export growth.

9. Steelmaking Capacity Expands

·         India's crude steelmaking capacity reached approximately 220 million tonnes per annum (MTPA) in FY 2025-26.

·         The sector remains on track toward the 300 MTPA target by 2030 under the National Steel Policy.

10. Major Capacity Expansion Projects

·         SAIL approved expansion of the Bhilai Steel Plant from 6.8 MTPA to 10.2 MTPA.

·         JSW Steel began construction of its integrated steel plant at Paradip with a planned capacity of 13.2 MTPA.

11. Progress Under Green Steel Initiative

·         Green steel certificates were issued to 94 producers across 15 states as of May 31, 2026.

·         Certified products include:

o    TMT bars

o    HR/CR coils

o    Plates

o    Wire rods

o    Pipes

·         Most certified products received the highest 5-star rating.

12. Domestic Steel Prices Ease

·         Domestic steel prices declined month-on-month in May 2026.

·         TMT/Rebar prices fell approximately 1.3% MoM.

·         HR Coil and GP Sheet prices declined around 0.2% MoM each.

13. TMT Prices Show Annual Recovery

·         Despite monthly declines, TMT/Rebar prices were still 4.5% higher YoY.

·         This marks the first positive annual price growth after several months of weakness.

14. Raw Material Costs Continue to Increase

·         NMDC increased domestic iron ore prices by ₹200 per tonne during May.

·         International coking coal prices rose 2.8% MoM to US$239/tonne.

·         Global scrap prices also increased.

15. Manganese Ore Developments

·         MOIL Limited produced 0.17 MT of manganese ore in May 2026.

·         Production increased 4% MoM.

·         Manganese ore prices declined 4% during the month.

16. Margin Pressure Emerging

·         Falling steel prices and rising raw material costs are compressing profit margins.

·         Both integrated steel producers and electric-route steelmakers face higher input costs.

17. Industry Outlook Remains Positive

·         Strong infrastructure spending and manufacturing growth are expected to sustain steel demand.

·         Capacity expansion and green steel initiatives are strengthening long-term growth prospects.

·         However, near-term profitability may remain under pressure due to rising input costs and softer steel prices.

Key Takeaway

India's steel sector maintained strong growth in May 2026, with robust increases in production, consumption, and capacity expansion. While infrastructure and manufacturing demand continue to support the industry, rising raw material costs and declining steel prices are likely to weigh on producer margins in the short term.

 

[ABS News Service/05.06.2026]

India’s steel sector sustained its growth trajectory in May 2026, recording year-on-year gains across key production and consumption indicators.

Production and Demand Trend

Crude steel production reached 14.21 million tonnes in May 2026, up 2.9% year-on-year (YoY). Hot metal production grew 2.0% YoY, while pig iron output (0.77 million tonnes) posted a growth of 1.1% YoY. Finished steel production reached 13.94 million tonnes in May 2026, up 7.7% YoY. Finished steel consumption in May 2026 was 14.33 million tonnes, registering growth of 9.0% YoY.

Crude steel production was 28.04 million tonnes during Apr-May 2026, up 2.7% over the corresponding period last year (CPLY), compared with 27.30 million tonnes in April–May 2025. Hot metal production grew 2.7% CPLY, while pig iron output (1.50 million tonnes) posted a growth of 0.2% CPLY. Finished steel production reached 27.36 million tonnes, up 6.4% CPLY. Finished steel consumption in April–May 2026 was 27.36 million tonnes, registering growth of 8.7% CPLY, driven by sustained demand from construction, infrastructure, and manufacturing end-use segments.

Trade Dynamics

On the trade front, imports stood at 0.69 million tonnes and exports at 0.51 million tonnes in May 2026, registering year-on-year growth of 62.5% and 29.9% over May 2025 levels of 0.42 million tonnes and 0.39 million tonnes respectively.

Imports were 1.37 million tonnes and exports at 0.98 million tonnes during Apr–May 2026, making India a net importer during the period. Compared with Apr–May 2025, when imports were 0.94 million tonnes and exports were 0.77 million tonnes, imports and exports grew by 45.0% and 27.4%, respectively, during Apr–May 2026.

Capacity Expansion and Investment Momentum

India's total crude steelmaking capacity reached at approximately 220 MTPA in FY 2025–26, keeping the industry on track to achieve the National Steel Policy target of 300 MTPA by 2030. In a significant step towards the target, SAIL has approved the expansion of its Bhilai Steel Plant from present crude steel capacity of 6.8 MTPA to 10.2 MTPA. Further, JSW Steel commenced construction of its integrated steel plant at Paradip, Odisha in May 2026 — a phased development with a planned capacity of 13.2 MTPA.

Green Steel Initiatives

Under the Ministry of Steel’s Green Steel Initiative, as on 31st May 2026, green steel certificates had been issued to 94 producers across 15 states, spanning products including TMT Bars, HR/CR Coils, Plates, Wire Rods, and Pipes, with a majority of certified products achieving the highest 5-star rating — reflecting strong uptake of the initiative across secondary and mid-size steel producers.

Steel Price Scenario

Domestic steel prices decreased month-on-month (MoM) in May 2026 across all major product categories. TMT/Rebar prices declined ~1.3% MoM, though they still registered a ~4.5% YoY gain — marking the first positive YoY reading after several months of weakness. Flat steel prices also declined, with HR Coil and GP Sheet prices both falling by approximately 0.2% MoM.

Raw Material Overview

Raw material prices strengthened further in May 2026 compared to April 2026. NMDC increased domestic iron ore prices by ₹200 per tonne during the month. MOIL's manganese ore production in May 2026 was 0.17 million tonnes, up 4% month-on-month, while its manganese ore prices eased by 4% during the month.

Global seaborne iron ore prices remained volatile during May 2026. International coking coal costs edged up 2.8% further month-on-month to $239/tonne, sustaining elevated input cost pressures for integrated BF-BOF producers heading into Q2 FY 2026–27. International scrap prices also moved higher during the month, adding to input cost pressures for the electric route steelmakers.

Outlook

The Indian steel industry is well-positioned to sustain its growth trajectory, underpinned by robust infrastructure spending and expanding manufacturing activity. However, weakening steel prices, coupled with rising raw material costs, are expected to put pressure on producer margins in the near term, even as domestic demand fundamentals remain supportive.

Source: Provisional JPC data for May 2026.