C4 Cotton Countries in North Africa Suffer as China Competition Hurts

Key Highlights

·         World Trade Organization members met in Geneva on 4 May 2026 to review:

o    global cotton market trends,

o    development assistance,

o    trade-related issues,

o    and investment opportunities in the cotton sector.

·         The meetings followed the high-level cotton event held during:

o    14th WTO Ministerial Conference (MC14) in Cameroon.

·         Discussions involved WTO members, international organizations and the Cotton-4+ (C-4+) countries:

o    Benin,

o    Burkina Faso,

o    Chad,

o    Mali,

o    Côte d'Ivoire.

Investment and Development Initiatives

·         WTO Deputy Director-General Jean-Marie Paugam emphasized that the time is ripe for:

o    attracting investment into cotton processing and value addition in Africa.

·         The C-4+ countries aim to:

o    mobilize USD 5 billion over the next 10 years,

o    and create approximately 500,000 jobs in the cotton sector.

·         Support is expected through:

o    the Partenariat pour le Coton (PPC) initiative.

·         DDG Paugam urged development of a:

o    two-year workplan,

o    defining roles of financial and development partners.

Global Cotton Market Outlook (2026–27)

According to the International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC):

·         Global cotton production is projected at:

o    25.9 million tonnes

·         Global cotton consumption is projected at:

o    25.2 million tonnes

·         Cotton trade is expected to decline:

o    by 2.7% to 9.6 million tonnes

·         Ending cotton stocks are projected to rise:

o    by 4% to nearly 18 million tonnes

·         China alone is expected to hold:

o    about 10 million tonnes of cotton stocks.

Challenges Facing the Cotton Sector

Members highlighted several challenges affecting cotton producers, especially in Africa:

·         Rising energy costs due to the Middle East conflict.

·         Lower fertilizer availability.

·         Pest-related crop damage.

·         Political instability and unrest in the Sahel region.

·         Investment and infrastructure constraints.

Countries including:

·         China and

·         India

shared updates on South-South cooperation initiatives in the cotton sector.

Carbon Credits and Sustainable Cotton

·         ICAC presented findings on:

o    carbon sequestration in cotton cultivation,

o    and opportunities for farmers to earn additional income through carbon credits.

·         Benin highlighted sustainable farming methods such as:

o    crop rotation,

o    and use of biochar to improve soil carbon retention.

Upcoming Cotton Events in 2026

World Cotton Day

·         Food and Agriculture Organization announced that:

o    World Cotton Day 2026 will be held on:

§  7 October 2026

§  in Tashkent.

Global Cotton and Textiles Investment Summit

·         ICAC announced the first:

o    Global Cotton and Textiles Investment Summit

o    to be held in Tashkent from:

§  19–21 November 2026.

·         The summit is expected to:

o    include over 20 countries,

o    attract 800+ participants,

o    and showcase investment opportunities in cotton and textiles.

Financing and Industrialization Support

Financial institutions including:

·         African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank),

·         International Islamic Trade Finance Corporation (ITFC),

·         and African Development Bank (AfDB)

outlined financing support for cotton-sector projects in Africa.

·         A new investment portal:

o    AfricaTextileInvest-CottonPartnership.com
aims to connect investors with African cotton projects.

WTO Agriculture Negotiations

·         The C-4+ countries expressed disappointment over:

o    the lack of substantive cotton-related outcomes at MC14.

·         Ali Sarfraz Hussain stated that:

o    consultations on agriculture negotiations, including cotton, have resumed,

o    with at least one negotiating meeting planned before the summer break.

Public–Private Partnership Initiatives

·         The WTO Secretariat stressed the importance of:

o    public-private partnerships in developing Africa’s cotton and textile industries.

·         FIFA announced support through its:

o    Football for Schools programme.

·         FIFA plans to distribute:

o    75,000 T-shirts and polo shirts

o    produced in Benin using West African cotton.

 

 

[ABS News Service/07.05.2026]

WTO members reviewed global cotton market trends and the path ahead for the cotton sector at meetings in Geneva on 4 May. The meetings follow the high-level cotton event at the 14th WTO Ministerial Conference (MC14) in Cameroon in March. Delegations noted commitments announced at MC14 to invest in African countries moving up the cotton value chain and stressed the vital contribution of cotton to international trade and its potential to foster sustainable development.

Deputy Director-General Jean-Marie Paugam welcomed members and observers to WTO headquarters in Geneva for the first of two sessions. Discussions in the morning focused on development assistance to the cotton sector, while those in the afternoon considered trade-related developments. Both meetings are part of a series of consultations organized biannually by the WTO, with participation from other international organizations. WTO members, including the Cotton 4+ countries (Benin, Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali and Côte d'Ivoire), updated each other on latest developments in the cotton sector.

Referring to investment plans announced at MC14 by Afreximbank, the International Islamic Trade Finance Corporation (ITFC) and ARISE IIP, DDG Paugam noted that the time is ripe for attracting investment in cotton processing activities. Recalling the C-4+ vision of mobilizing USD 5 billion over the next 10 years to create around 500,000 decent jobs, he encouraged C-4+ countries to act decisively on mobilizing the required resources, with the support of the Partenariat pour le Coton (PPC). Developing a two-year workplan defining the complementary roles of partners would be key in guiding efforts and ensuring results for beneficiary countries, he said.

DDG Paugam also welcomed the presentation by the International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC) on carbon sequestration in cotton cultivation, and on opportunities for farmers to raise income using carbon credits.

Global cotton market outlook

On emerging challenges, members learned about the latest developments in cotton-producing countries, as well as new challenges facing the cotton sector in C-4+ countries.

Members, including China and India, took the floor to share their activities within the framework of South-South cooperation. Several noted the impact of the ongoing conflict in the Middle East, which has caused a rise in energy costs and a drop in fertilizer availability. They also noted that crop protection from pests, and political unrest in the Sahel region and other regions in Africa were also hurting the African cotton industry.

The ICAC also provided an overview of the global cotton market for the 2026-27 season. World cotton production is projected to reach 25.9 million tonnes, surpassing consumption which is projected to be 25.2 million tonnes. Both production and consumption projections are expected to be very close to the current season. Trade is projected to be 2.7% lower in the 2026-27 season at 9.6 million tonnes while ending stocks are expected to be 4% higher at almost 18 million tonnes, including 10 million tonnes in China.

The ICAC also provided its latest data on the level of governmental support provided to cotton production, based on its methodology which differs from that used by the WTO. These data confirmed the inverse relationship between the level of support and the level of international cotton prices.

Cotton events scheduled for 2026

The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) announced that the 2026 World Cotton Day will take place on 7 October in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. The event aims to boost visibility of the cotton sector and promote investment in African cotton through the work of the PPC as well as to encourage discussion of climate challenges to cotton.

The ICAC made a presentation on the first-ever Global Cotton and Textiles Investment Summit to be held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan on 19-21 November 2026. The event, which is organized by the International Cotton Advisory Committee (ICAC), will bring together over 20 countries, and is expected to host pavilions showcasing investment opportunities for 800+ participants.

The C-4+ countries and other WTO members expressed support for the cotton sector, focusing on the importance of job creation, economic diversification, de-risking investments, tailored cooperation, and the elaboration of regional strategies. Delegations also discussed industrialization, global value chain integration, investment clarity, and progress on regional development projects.

Other issues

The C-4+ countries voiced their deep disappointment over the lack of outcomes from MC14 on agricultural issues, especially regarding cotton. The Chair of the WTO agriculture negotiations, Ambassador Ali Sarfraz Hussain of Pakistan, informed members that he had started consulting informally with members on how to resume the discussions in the agriculture negotiations, including cotton. His intention is to hold at least one meeting of the agriculture negotiating body before the summer break.

The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) briefed members on key outcomes and the way forward following the high-level cotton event at MC14. It updated participants on efforts by the ITFC, Afreximbank and the African Development Bank (AfDB) to mobilize capital, including through the newly launched AfricaTextileInvest-CottonPartnership.com portal, which seeks to pair potential investors with cotton projects in Africa.

The financial partners, including Afreximbank, the ITFC and the AfDB, provided updates on their financing mechanisms and outlined the concrete actions they are undertaking to support the work of the PPC. The ICAC shared a presentation about carbon sequestration in cotton cultivation and opportunities for farmers to raise income using carbon credits. Benin also pointed out that African farmers use various methods to increase carbon sequestration, including crop rotation and returning biochar to the soil.

The WTO Secretariat noted the importance of public-private partnerships in supporting the development of Africa's cotton and textile sector.  FIFA's Football for Schools programme will encourage the use of C-4+ cotton for apparel, and plans to distribute 75,000 T-shirts and polo shirts designed and made in Benin from cotton grown in West Africa.