FDI in B2B Ecommerce Allowed, B2C Prohibited

·         The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) has issued Press Note No. 3 (2026 Series) reviewing the FDI Policy on the e-commerce sector.

·         Under the existing Consolidated FDI Policy Circular, 2020:

o    100% FDI is permitted in Business-to-Business (B2B) e-commerce.

o    FDI is permitted in the marketplace model of e-commerce.

o    FDI is prohibited in:

§  Business-to-Consumer (B2C) e-commerce, and

§  Inventory-based e-commerce models, where the e-commerce entity owns inventory and sells directly to consumers.

·         To promote exports and improve global market access for Indian sellers, the Government has relaxed these restrictions for exports.

·         A new Para 5.2.15.2.5 is proposed to be inserted in the FDI Policy titled:

o    "Inventory-Based Model of E-Commerce Exclusively for Exports."

·         The new provision permits an e-commerce entity to operate an inventory-based model exclusively for exports of goods/products that are:

o    Manufactured and/or produced in India; and

o    Exported in accordance with:

§  the Foreign Trade Policy (FTP) 2023,

§  the Handbook of Procedures (HBP), and

§  the Foreign Exchange Management (Export of Goods & Services) Regulations, 2015, as amended.

·         The existing restrictions relating to:

o    B2C e-commerce, and

o    inventory-based e-commerce models under Paras 5.2.15.2.1 to 5.2.15.2.4,
will not apply to exports undertaken under the new provision.

·         The policy change is intended to:

o    Facilitate greater exports,

o    Provide easier access to international markets for Indian manufacturers, and

o    Strengthen India's export-oriented e-commerce ecosystem.

·         The revised policy will come into effect from the date of the relevant FEMA notification.

 

[DPIIT Press Note No. 3 (2026 Series) dated 23.07.2026 on Review of FDI Policy on the E-commerce Sector]

[ABS News Service/30.07.2026]