Davos Calls for Doha
Conclusion by End 2011
Trade ministers from two dozen influential WTO
member countries on Saturday agreed to push for a breakthrough agreement in the
Doha Round negotiations by July, so that the long-struggling trade talks can be
wrapped up by the end of the year.
The ministers called for updated draft agreement
texts in every area of the talks by April, an overall agreement by July,
followed by the finalisation of legal texts and
commitment schedules by the year’s end.
The ministers, from trading powers such as China,
Brazil, India the US, and the EU as well as smaller nations such as Costa Rica,
Jamaica, and Peru, echoed the view that 2011 constitutes a “window of
opportunity” for concluding a Doha Round accord.
For this year’s call for an agreement to succeed, WTO
members will need to overcome deep differences between the US and large
developing countries such as China, Brazil, and India over the depth of tariff
and subsidy cuts. China, India, and Brazil have consistently rejected US
demands for greater access to their markets as unrealistic and out of
proportion to what rich nations are being asked to do to in terms of cutting
tariffs and farm subsidies.
Experts call for making end-2011 “absolute
deadline”
Meanwhile, a high-level panel headed by trade
economist Jagdish Bhagwati
and former WTO head Peter Sutherland has called for making the end of 2011 an
inflexible “absolute deadline” for a Doha accord, with the talks to be
abandoned if governments fail to reach an agreement by then.
“The Doha Round is dying of political neglect,”
declared a report by the panel, which was convened by the governments of
Germany, the United Kingdom, Indonesia and Turkey to come up with
recommendations on boosting global trade and fighting protectionism. They argue
that an explicit deadline - to come weeks after the tenth anniversary of the
round’s November 2001 launch - would “make the prospect of failure concrete,
collective and unavoidable,” thus forcing political leaders to seriously pursue
a deal.
The panel pointed to many reasons underpinning the
slow progress in the Doha Round, from changing economic beliefs and the rapid
growth of countries like China, India and Brazil, to the fact that the
negotiations reach far into countries’ sensitive agriculture sectors.
The report argued that a Doha accord would be an
insurance policy against future protectionism, by curtailing developing
countries’ ability to raise tariffs; a driver of significant farm trade reform,
by curtailing the EU and the US’s ability to raise trade-distorting subsidies;
a source of at least $360 billion in new market access; and finally, a
reinforcement to the multilateral rules-based trading system that would counter
a “steady erosion” of the institution’s centrality to trade governance.
Arguing that the broad contours of a Doha package
are already clear - and represent “the only credible landing zone” for the
negotiation - the report identified modest “top ups” in every sector of the
negotiations that could for an acceptable deal.