Foreign Citizens Allowed to Invest in Indian Companies like NRIs and OCIs

Key Announcements

·         The Ministry of Finance has introduced significant reforms to:

o    Deepen the Government Securities (G-Sec) market.

o    Increase Foreign Portfolio Investor (FPI) participation.

o    Simplify investment procedures for overseas investors.

o    Attract long-term and stable foreign capital into India.

1. Liberalisation of Investment by Persons Resident Outside India (PROIs)

·         Individual Persons Resident Outside India (PROIs) can now invest in equity instruments of listed Indian companies through the Portfolio Investment Scheme (PIS).

·         Earlier, this facility was available only to Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and Overseas Citizens of India (OCIs).

·         Investment limits have been enhanced:

o    Individual PROI limit increased from 5% to 10% in a company.

o    Aggregate limit for all PROIs increased from 10% to 24%.

·         The reform will be implemented through amendments to the Foreign Exchange Management (Non-Debt Instruments) Rules, 2019.

Benefits of PROI Liberalisation

·         Simplified onboarding and compliance procedures.

·         Easier access to Indian equity markets.

·         Broader participation from global retail and individual investors.

·         More stable and diversified foreign portfolio inflows.

2. Major Reforms in FPI Investment in Government Securities (G-Secs)

Expansion of Fully Accessible Route (FAR)

The Government has expanded the list of securities eligible under the Fully Accessible Route (FAR) to include:

·         New Government Security issuances with tenors of:

o    15 years

o    30 years

o    40 years

·         Sovereign Green Bonds (SGrBs) issued in FAR-eligible tenors.

Relaxation of Restrictions under the General Route

Three major restrictions on FPI investments in Government Securities have been removed:

·         Short-term investment limits.

·         Concentration limits.

·         Security-wise investment limits.

Limits Retained

The overall investment ceilings remain unchanged:

·         6% of outstanding Central Government Securities.

·         2% of outstanding State Government Securities (SGSs).

Additional Simplification

·         Existing "General" and "Long-Term" investment categories will be merged into a single investment limit framework.

Expected Impact

·         Development of a smoother and more liquid government bond yield curve.

·         Increased participation by:

o    Pension funds

o    Insurance companies

o    Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs)

o    Other long-term institutional investors

·         Greater foreign exchange inflows and enhanced market depth.

3. Tax Exemption for FPIs Investing in Government Securities

New Tax Benefits

·         FPIs will be exempt from:

o    Income tax on interest earned from Government Securities.

o    Capital gains tax on Government Securities investments.

Effective Date

·         Applicable from 1 April 2026 onwards.

·         Covers all interest income and capital gains arising on or after this date.

Similar Exemption Extended to BIS

·         The Bank for International Settlements will also receive exemption on interest and capital gains from investments in Government Securities.

Significance

·         Aligns India's tax regime with several major international markets.

·         Enhances competitiveness of Indian sovereign debt.

·         Encourages durable, long-term foreign capital inflows.

Key Expected Outcomes

·         Easier access for foreign investors to Indian financial markets.

·         Larger and more diversified investor base.

·         Increased liquidity in equity and bond markets.

·         Stronger demand for Government Securities.

·         Enhanced foreign exchange inflows.

·         Improved integration of Indian capital markets with global financial markets.

·         Greater participation by long-term global investors.

Conclusion

The Government's latest reforms represent one of the most significant liberalisation measures for foreign portfolio investment in recent years. By expanding investment access, simplifying regulations, and offering tax exemptions on Government Securities, India aims to attract long-term global capital, deepen its bond market, and strengthen its position as a leading international investment destination.

 

[ABS News Service/06.06.2026]

In line with the Government's commitment to strengthen India's position as a leading global investment destination and to deepen the capital market, the Ministry of Finance has taken a series of measures aimed at enhancing the ease of investment for individual Persons Resident Outside India (PROIs) and Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs), and to attract stable long-term foreign capital flows.

Building on the recent initiatives to enhance ease of doing business in capital markets, the Government has undertaken further reforms to make foreign investment in equities and G-Secs more accessible, efficient, and globally competitive.

Liberalisation of investment by individual Persons Resident Outside India under the Foreign Exchange Management (Non- Debt Instrument) Rules, 2019

The Union Minister for Finance and Corporate Affairs announced in the Union Budget FY2026-27 that individual Persons Resident Outside India (PROI) will be permitted to invest in equity instruments of listed Indian companies through the Portfolio Investment Scheme which was hitherto available only to NRIs/OCIs; and the investment limit will be increased for an individual PROI under this scheme from 5% to 10% in any company, with an overall investment limit for all individual PROIs to 24%, from the current 10%.

To implement the same, Department of Economic Affairs (DEA) is notifying the Foreign Exchange Management (Non-Debt Instruments) (Third Amendment) Rules, 2026.

This notification will facilitate a more proactive mobilisation of foreign portfolio capital by leveraging the existing onboarding systems already in place for NRI/OCI investors. Simplified onboarding and reduced compliance requirements would further enhance ease of doing business, while attracting a broader base of relatively stable individual foreign investors. This will also support greater and more stable foreign inflows into Indian equity markets.

Review of the regulatory framework for FPI investment in Government securities

With the view to enhance participation by FPIs in G-Sec, the Government has decided to expand the list of specified securities under the Fully Accessible Route (FAR) to also include new issuances in Government securities in tenors of 15, 30 and 40 years as also Sovereign Green Bonds (SGrBs) in the tenors of FAR-eligible securities. Further, with respect to FPI investments under General Route, it has been decided to remove the three restrictions, viz. short-term investment limit, concentration limit and the security-wise limit for investments by Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs) in Government securities, while retaining the overall quantitative investment limit of 6 per cent of the outstanding stock of the Central Government securities and 2 per cent of the State Government securities (SGSs). The sub-categories of investment limits, viz., 'general' and 'long-term' will also be merged into a single limit for investment in Government securities and SGSs, respectively.

These measures will help in development of a smooth yield curve, and attract stable systematic inflow of long-term, patient foreign capital, including long-term investors such as pension funds, insurance companies, and sovereign wealth funds. This is also expected to boost foreign exchange inflows for the country.

Exempt interest and capital gains on G-Secs from tax

Recognising the importance of a competitive tax regime in attracting global capital, the Government has decided to rationalise the tax treatment applicable to investments by FPIs in Government Securities, by exempting such investments from income tax on any interest or capital gain.  This step will align the taxation on G-Secs with many comparable jurisdictions.

The exemption shall be applicable w.e.f. 01.04.2026, i.e. the exemption shall apply to any interest or capital gains arising to FPIs on or after 01.04.2026 in respect of investments in G-Secs.

Similar income-tax exemption is also provided for Bank for International Settlements (BIS) for any interest or capital gains from its investments in G-Secs.

This will ensure stable systematic inflow of durable, patient foreign capital and long-term investors such as pension funds, insurance companies, and Sovereign wealth funds (SWFs).

Taken together, these reforms aim to reduce operational complexities, simplify market access, and provide a more seamless investment experience comparable with leading international financial markets. These measures are expected to expand the investor base for Indian equities and Government Securities and encourage wider participation from global investors seeking exposure to one of the world's fastest-growing major economies.

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