India Backs BRICS Central Bank Digital Currencies for Cross-Border Payments, Rejects Unified Payment Network

·         India’s BRICS position: As BRICS chair in 2026, India is expected to encourage member countries to expand the use of central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) for cross-border trade and payments.

·         No common BRICS payment system: India is unlikely to support creation of a single bloc-wide payments settlement network at the BRICS Summit in New Delhi.

·         Reason for caution: New Delhi does not want a unified BRICS payment system to be perceived as:

o    A direct rival to SWIFT;

o    An explicitly anti-dollar initiative; or

o    An anti-Western financial arrangement.

·         India’s alternative proposal: India favours linking the CBDCs of BRICS countries to facilitate bilateral cross-border transactions.

·         Expected benefits: CBDC-based settlement could:

o    Reduce dependence on intermediary banks;

o    Lower transaction costs;

o    Speed up cross-border payments; and

o    Facilitate direct settlement of bilateral trade.

·         Local-currency settlement: India also supports greater use of local currencies for trade settlement, avoiding the need for a third currency such as the US dollar.

·         Reducing SWIFT dependence: BRICS members have been exploring ways to link their payment systems and reduce reliance on the Western-dominated SWIFT network, particularly after Russian banks were disconnected from SWIFT following the 2022 Russia-Ukraine war.

·         Existing local-currency trade: Use of local currencies has expanded significantly:

o    About 96% of India-Russia trade reportedly takes place through established rupee-ruble mechanisms, according to Sberbank India.

o    Almost all Russia-China trade is reportedly settled in yuan and rubles.

·         CBDC initiatives: India is piloting the digital rupee, while China and Russia are also experimenting with their respective CBDCs.

·         Other possible initiative: BRICS leaders may consider connecting instant mobile payment systems used for small-value retail transactions across member countries.

·         Government clarification: MEA spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal cautioned against drawing conclusions before the joint statement, saying the Finance Ministers–Central Bank Governors discussions should be awaited.

·         India’s broader approach: India is presenting BRICS financial cooperation as development-focused, with emphasis on facilitating trade, economic cooperation and practical payment solutions, rather than creating an alternative anti-dollar financial bloc.

Key takeaway

India favours interoperable CBDCs and local-currency settlement within BRICS, but not a politically charged, unified BRICS payments network designed to challenge SWIFT or the US dollar.

 

[ABS News Service/10.09.2026]

India will encourage BRICS nations to expand the use of central bank-backed digital currencies for cross-border payments. However, it will not support a unified payments network that could be seen as a challenge to the US dollar, as per a report.

According to a report in Bloomberg that cited sources familiar with the matter, as the chair of BRICS this year, Prime Minister Narendra Modi is supporting using central bank digital currencies to settle bilateral trade among member countries. However, an agreement on a single bloc-wide payments settlement system at the upcoming leaders’ summit in New Delhi is unlikely, the sources added.

BRICS, which includes Brazil, China, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Iran, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa and the United Arab Emirates, has been working to link members’ payment systems to reduce reliance on the global SWIFT network, dominated by Western nations. This move gained attention after several Russian banks were cut off from SWIFT following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022.

Nevertheless, New Delhi remains cautious about a unified BRICS payments system that could be seen as a rival to SWIFT and cast the group as explicitly anti-dollar or anti-Western, as per the report. Instead, India proposes linking central bank digital currencies of BRICS countries for cross-border transactions to reduce reliance on banks and lower costs.

India also supports using local currencies to settle trade instead of a third currency like the dollar.

Ministry of External Affairs spokesman Randhir Jaiswal said it was premature to conclude what was discussed at the Finance Ministers-Central Bank Governors meetings and urged reporters to await the joint statement. He described India’s approach to BRICS cooperation, including finance, as development focused, emphasising measures supporting trade and economic ties.

The use of local currencies within BRICS has increased, especially after Western sanctions on Russia. About 96% of India’s trade with Russia now takes place through established rupee-ruble mechanisms, according to Sberbank in India. Almost all trade between Russia and China is settled in yuan and rubles, Russian news agency Interfax reported.

India is piloting a digital rupee, while China and Russia are also experimenting with their own central bank digital currencies. BRICS leaders may also discuss connecting instant mobile payment systems used for small-value retail transactions.